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Cannabis sativa is an annual herbaceous plant in the Cannabis genus, a species of the Cannabaceae family. People have cultivated Cannabis sativa throughout recorded history as a source of industrial fibre, seed oil, food, recreation, religious and spiritual moods, and medicine. Each part of the plant is harvested differently, depending on the purpose of its use. Hemp oil or hempseed oil is obtained by pressing hemp seeds.
The first record of common hemp seeds brought to Australia was with the First Fleet at the request of Sir Joseph Banks, who marked the cargo "for commerce" in the hope that hemp would be produced commercially in the new colony. For 150 years early governments in Australia actively supported the growing of hemp with gifts of land and other grants, and the consumption of cannabis in Australia in the 19th century was believed to be widespread. Australia’s founding botanist, Sir Joseph Banks, favoured growing a cultivar of hemp he discovered in the South Seas, a variety native to New Zealand. After a failed crop, he then decided to grow a variety called Cannabis Sativa, which is the plant now used worldwide for growing industrial hemp
Cannabis sativa grows to 2.5 m (8ft) by 0.8 m (2ft 7in). The herb grows usually erect Flowers summer; from late summer to early fall; year round in tropics. Seeds weigh 1.5-2.5 gm/100 seeds.
The flowers are dioecious (individual flowers are either male or female, but only one sex is to be found on any one plant so both male and female plants must be grown if seed is required) and are pollinated by Wind. The plant is not self-fertile. It is noted for attracting wildlife.Â
